![]() 39 AD ĭomain given to Herod Antipas, as Tetrarch of Galilee and Perea, by Augustus in 4 BCĪfter the death of Herod the Great in 4 BC, Augustus confirmed the testament of the dead king by making Antipas tetrarch of Galilee and Perea, a region he would rule for the next forty-two years. Archelaus had, however, to be content with the title of ethnarch rather than king. Despite qualified support for Antipas from Herodian family members in Rome, who favoured direct Roman rule of Judea but considered Antipas preferable to his brother, Augustus largely confirmed the division of territory set out by Herod in his final will. The three heirs therefore travelled to Rome to make their claims, Antipas arguing he ought to inherit the whole kingdom and the others maintaining that Herod's final will ought to be honoured. īecause of Judea's status as a Roman client kingdom, Herod's plans for the succession had to be ratified by Augustus. Philip was to receive Gaulanitis (the Golan Heights), Batanaea (southern Syria), Trachonitis and Auranitis ( Hauran). According to the final version of his will, Antipas' elder brother Archelaus was now to become king of Judea, Idumea and Samaria, while Antipas would rule Galilee and Perea with the lesser title of tetrarch. During his illness in 4 BC, Herod had yet another change of heart about the succession. 7 BC), and Herod's oldest son Antipater was convicted of trying to poison his father (5 BC), that the now elderly Herod fell back on his youngest son Antipas, revising his will to make him heir. That honour fell to Aristobulus and Alexander, Herod's sons by the Hasmonean princess Mariamne. Īntipas was not Herod's first choice of heir. Antipas, his full brother Archelaus and his half-brother Philip, were educated in Rome. His date of birth is unknown but was before 20 BC. Pilate initially handed him over to Antipas, in whose territory Jesus had been most active, but Antipas sent him back to Pilate's court.Īntipas was a son of Herod the Great, who had become king of Judea, and Malthace, who was from Samaria. ![]() The Gospel of Luke states that Jesus was first brought before Pontius Pilate for trial, since Pilate was the governor of Roman Judea, which encompassed Jerusalem where Jesus was arrested. Accompanied there by Herodias, he died at an unknown date. In 39 AD Antipas was accused by his nephew Agrippa I of conspiracy against the Roman emperor Caligula, who sent him into exile in Spain, according to Josephus. ![]() The result was a war that proved disastrous for Antipas a Roman counter-offensive was ordered by Tiberius, but abandoned upon that emperor's death in 37 AD. Besides provoking his conflict with John the Baptist, the tetrarch's divorce added a personal grievance to previous disputes with Aretas over territory on the border of Perea and Nabatea. (Antipas was Herod the Great's son by Malthace, while Herod II was his son by Mariamne II.) According to the New Testament Gospels, it was John the Baptist's condemnation of this arrangement that led Antipas to have him arrested John was subsequently put to death in Machaerus. Named in honour of his patron, the emperor Tiberius, the city later became a centre of rabbinic learning after the Jewish-Roman wars (66-135 AD).Īntipas divorced his first wife Phasaelis, the daughter of King Aretas IV of Nabatea, in favour of Herodias, who had formerly been married to his half-brother Herod II. He was responsible for building projects at Sepphoris and Betharamphtha, and for the construction of his capital Tiberias on the western shore of the Sea of Galilee. Antipas officially ruled Galilee and Perea as a client state of the Roman Empire. ( Matthew 14:1–12)įollowing the death of his father in 4 BC, Herod Antipas was recognized as tetrarch by Caesar Augustus, and subsequently by his own brother, the ethnarch Herod Archelaus. He is widely known today for accounts in the New Testament of his role in events that led to the executions of John the Baptist and Jesus of Nazareth. He was a son of Herod the Great and a grandson of Antipater the Idumaean. Herod Antipas ( Greek: Ἡρῴδης Ἀντίπας, Hērǭdēs Antipas born before 20 BC – died after 39 AD), was a 1st-century ruler of Galilee and Perea, who bore the title of tetrarch ("ruler of a quarter") and is referred to as both "Herod the Tetrarch" and "King Herod" in the New Testament, although he never held the title of king.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |